Glossary entry

Spanish term or phrase:

aforos

English translation:

masking curtains

Added to glossary by Giovanni Rengifo
Jun 10, 2017 18:16
6 yrs ago
14 viewers *
Spanish term

aforos

Spanish to English Other Art, Arts & Crafts, Painting Logistics
En un "rider" de un espectáculo de salsa que se realizará en el exterior aparece lo siguiente:

El equipo de producción y artístico requiere de 10 horas de montaje para escenografía, "aforos" y vestuario a partir de la entrega de la tarima y los camerinos.

De antemano, les agradezco por cualquier idea, sugerencia o respuesta sobre lo qué significa "aforo" en este caso.

Discussion

Giovanni Rengifo (asker) Jun 12, 2017:
@Kathryn It seems you were. I just checked the final versionI sent to my client, and in this particular instance, I actually used "masking", but in others I used "masking curtains". I do trust you, and it makes sense. Thank you for bringing this up, I appreciate it.
12316323 (X) Jun 12, 2017:
Nowhere in my comment did I express any disappointment that my answer wasn't chosen. I wouldn't have wanted you to choose it; as evidenced by my comments, I also came to see that it wasn't the most adequate and never defended it. Charles absolutely provided the most helpful references and guidance (and, IMO, answer). I'm just trying to help you have the best answer for the purposes of your text. "Masking curtains" is not the thing to put here, but, of course, you don't have to trust me.
Giovanni Rengifo (asker) Jun 12, 2017:
@Kathryn I looked at all the answers before closing the question, and yours was about "stage machinery", so I chose another answer. I just realized that you also suggested "masking" in the discussion. Choosing an answer doesn't mean you have to enter exactly the term you've been given - it can be adjusted.
12316323 (X) Jun 12, 2017:
Hi Giovanni, I'm glad you found an answer and that we all had a good deal of light shed on this topic. However, although I was the one to bring up masking, I find "masking curtains" to be incorrect for the purposes of this particular sentence. The descriptiveness just isn't appropriate. A report like this would never say "stage setup/construction, masking curtains, dressing room..." I would either just say "masking" or "curtains," not both (both are somewhat general and imprecise, and I think that's a good thing here). Of course, I realize that you'll find lots of hits for "masking curtains" on Google. That doesn't mean it fits the purposes of your text or is natural/understandable.

I also think that Charles' (again, appropriately imprecise) "offstage areas" works well here. A bit surprising that he got the points but then his answer wasn't used. It's a good one :)
Giovanni Rengifo (asker) Jun 12, 2017:
@JohnMcDove I'm really glad you do John. And thank you to everyone again for their comments and ideas. They were all very helpful.
JohnMcDove Jun 12, 2017:
I fully agree with your conclusion, Giovanni. This was an interesting one! :-)
Giovanni Rengifo (asker) Jun 12, 2017:
CLOSURE Having looked at other instances where the term appeared in the rider, I came to the conclusion that they're referring to "masking curtains" or similar ítems used for concealing parts of the stage that shouldn't be visible to the audience. They also use the word "aforar" elsewhere in the document, so "to mask" seems to work well as a verb too.
JohnMcDove Jun 11, 2017:
Máscara, decorado y luces que ciegan son deseos confesos o inconfesos de [***]aforar[***], de ocultar, y por supuesto de engañar. AÑO: 1997
AUTOR: PRENSA
TÍTULO: La Hora, 10/06/1997 : La otra Ciudad Luz
PAÍS: GUATEMALA
TEMA: 02.Testimonios varios
PUBLICACIÓN: (Guatemala), 1997 ///
Hoy por hoy La Habana anda parca en luces, amén de otras carencias, y aún así su escenografía, que a ratos parece la de Bagdad bombardeada, nos cautiva y nos engaña. Porque La Habana trata de [***]aforar[***] males, dolencias, hasta pretende ocultar sus varias hambres, o lo que podemos llamar su corazón, que a ratos parece entumecido. ¿Será que mientras más extraordinaria es una ciudad, más próxima está de la destrucción?
Juro que a La Habana yo quisiera pensarla fuerte, sabia, hábil y hermosa, pero La Habana me responde con significados incontrolables. Se oculta tras un inventario de sofismas, tras su natural trivialidad, su estable repertorio de sentimientos. AÑO: 1997
AUTOR: PRENSA
TÍTULO: La Hora, 10/06/1997 : La otra Ciudad Luz
PAÍS: GUATEMALA
TEMA: 02.Testimonios varios
PUBLICACIÓN: (Guatemala), 1997
12316323 (X) Jun 10, 2017:
I'm sorry, Charles; my mistake. It looks like we might not be able to pin this one down with certainty.
Charles Davis Jun 10, 2017:
The following, from the Colombian Ministry of Culture's Directory of Theatres, suggests to me a space rather than a curtain or other element masking that space:

"condiciones técnicas:
Tramoya
3 barras de luces en escenario (eléctricas); 4 torres interiores móviles; 5 barras manuales; 6 barras de aforos o trastos escénicos (eléctricas)."
https://sistemamid.com/panel/uploads/biblioteca/2016-02-19_0...

"Barras de aforos" sounds to me like lighting for the offstage areas.
Charles Davis Jun 10, 2017:
@Kathryn I didn't say, or think, that "aforos" is a mistake for "foros"; I said I thought it was a variant, which is not the same thing. Of course, I could be wrong about that. But I don't believe it's a typo.

It could mean masking curtains. As I said in my answer, it certainly seems to mean that in some of the references I cited. Perhaps it does in all cases. At the moment I can't see any examples in which it definitely couldn't mean that.

12316323 (X) Jun 10, 2017:
Now I'm wondering if it might be masking (units? elements?). I think it's the word for the definition John is using.

elementos de cierre: son piezas que sirven para aforar las visuales de un escenario.
aforar visuales: significa ocultar a la vista del publico aquellas partes del escenario que no nos interesa que sean vistas.
http://tallerdeescenografia.bligoo.com/partes-de-un-escenari...

I thought this picture was quite useful: http://www.rosco-iberica.com/productos/textiles/images/escen...

Charles, it wasn't clear to me if you had a reason for assuming "aforos" was a mistake and supposed to be "foros."

I think the definition of aforar (using elements to conceal the backstage/wings) is potentially illuminating. It looks like masking might be the term in English.

"Some of these pieces are used for masking, to conceal the offstage areas from the audience's view..."
https://tinyurl.com/y7vbonq5

"Other curtains on the stage are used as masking, keeping the audience from seeing the functional parts of the stage..."
http://www.iar.unicamp.br/lab/luz/ld/C�nica/Guias/guide_to_sta...

So, masking? Or, more generally, curtains/drapery?
JohnMcDove Jun 10, 2017:
Here is the usage of "aforar" as Charles notes, https://es.slideshare.net/danzafilia/trminos-teatrales, in addition to all the links he already provides, of course... :-)

Proposed translations

+1
3 hrs
Selected

offstage areas (wings and backstage)

I'm with Kathryn to the extent that this is part of the stage setup. In theatres "aforo" normally means the seating capacity or the house (the number of people present at a given performance), but I've never heard it used to refer to the actual physical seats, and I don't think it means that here, primarily because the seating is a front-of-house responsibility and not part of the job of the production team.

Kathryn has provided some good references to indicate that this is something to do with preparing the stage, but I don't see any evidence in them that it means stage machinery and I don't think it does. In the one that mentions "Tramoya y aforos", with no further indication of meaning, "tramoya" means stage machinery, so it is perhaps likelier that "aforos" means something else. And I think it is significant that in the first reference, the list under "aforos" consists largely of curtains.

I believe "aforos" is a variant of "foros". In the earliest Spanish proscenium theatres the "foro" was the area behing the visible stage, and it's still defined as such in the DRAE:

"foro
8. m. Teatro. Parte del escenario que está al fondo y por la que suelen acceder los intérpretes."
http://dle.rae.es/?id=IGV0NxB

But actually "foros" is also used to refer to the offstage areas to the side: the wings:

"FORO –maquinaria-
Espacio detrás o a los dados [sic, for "lados"] de la escena donde se almacenan las escenografías y se realizan montajes y cambios de escenografías entre escena y escena. El espectador no debería ver ese espacio; si lo ve, se dice que el objeto o el actor “desfora” y hay que “aforar”, es decir, colocar una pata o trasto que tape la visión del foro."
http://www.tallerdescena.com/DICCIONARIO_TECNICO_DEL_TEATRO....

And we find references to the "aforos laterales" in contexts that clearly suggest these are the wings. This is not an exclusively Colombian usage; this if from Spain:

"Término: Aletillas
Definición
Piezas, frecuentemente en forma de pliegue o añadido, que en el extremo de los telones* y de los rompimientos se doblan hacia el espectador, con el fin de cubrir los aforos laterales."
http://tesauros.mecd.es/tesauros/bienesculturales/1193717.ht...

Spain again:

"La empresa contratante se compromete a disponer de un escenario adecuado de medidas mínimas 6 X 4m con Aforos laterales"
http://www.ex3.es/_movil/contacto/bases-promocion.html

I don't think "aforos" alone means wings, because otherwise there'd be no need to specify "laterales"; this implies that there can be "aforos" that are not "laterales", which would be backstage. So I think it means offstage areas, both wings and backstage; in other words, "foros" according to the definition I cited earlier.

It seems that the word is also used to refer to the curtains covering these areas:

"Sobre el centro del escenario una pantalla blanca para teatro de sombras, enmarcada por un aforo negro tras el cual se oculta un gigante códice que se develará al final de la obra."
http://www.mincultura.gov.co/areas/artes/publicaciones/Docum...

Here's an interesting one on a puppet theatre:

"Sin aforo , frontal y lateral para permitir que el público observe el ejercicio de manipulación-oficio del titiritero."
http://titeresgranitocafecito.com.co/Obrasencartelera.htm

So "aforos" can be the offstage areas or the curtains covering those areas. In your case I think it's probably the former.


--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 day11 hrs (2017-06-12 06:09:48 GMT) Post-grading
--------------------------------------------------

Thanks, Giovanni. I've very glad you found it helpful.
Peer comment(s):

neutral 12316323 (X) : I have no idea, but this is compelling and impressive. As well as very interesting! I think we're all a bit out of our depth here, but this seems likely. /I couldn't let it go and left a comment above- thoughts?
13 mins
Thanks, Kathryn! The problem is that we don't have an explicit definition, so it's a matter of deduction. I agree with you that if possible Giovanni should consult the client.
agree JohnMcDove : Ha! This is it! DRAE: aforación 6. tr. Teatro. Dicho de una decoración: Ocultar los lados o partes del escenario que no deben quedar a la vista del público.
28 mins
Many thanks, John :) I'm not certain, but I think it's likely.
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2 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "Thank you so much Charles. Your answer pointed me in the right direction."
+1
27 mins

seating

Even though "aforo" is the correct term for 'seating' usually as in the idea of seating capacity, here it may be being used to indicate setting up of seats and so on.
Peer comment(s):

agree franglish : I don't see what else it could mean.
17 mins
Something went wrong...
+1
1 hr

stage machinery

Based on a few references I found, I think it's stage machinery.

AFOROS E IMPLEMENTOS (Also from a tech rider for a theater in Colombia, which I'm sure your text is from.)
* Cámara negra de Terciopelo compuesta por:
- 7 Bambalinas (19 m x 3 m)
- 10 Patas (4.50 m x11 m)
- Telón Comodín (19 m x 11 m)
* Telón de fondo (19 m x 11 m)
* Gasa negra y gasa blanca Gobelín (19 m x 11 m)
* Ciclorama Rosco en PVC (19m x 11m)
* Telón de la casa. Pintor Juan Cárdenas
* Telón de Boca:
Apertura a la Americana con sistema electromecánico (7 segundos) y
de Cuchilla
Con sistema contrapesado y velocidad variable
* Piso para Danza Negro / Gris marca Rosco 20m x 12,8m
* Piso para Danza Negro / Blanco marca Gerriets 20m x 12,8m
* Piso para Flamenco de 14,4 m x 12 m máximo
http://www.culturarecreacionydeporte.gov.co/sites/default/fi...

Escenario, función y estructura. Tramoya y aforos. Visibilidad
http://www.aprendemas.com/co/curso/escenografia-y-exhibicion...
(Also from Colombia)

So, you have tramoya and implementos (with clear examples) being used with aforos. My guess would be that the word is in quotation marks because it's known to be a regional or informal use.

Another possibility would be the "control de aforo," explained in item O of pg 19/30 of this document: "El control del aforo en los espectáculos será responsabilidad del organizador del evento de conformidad con lo dispuesto para tal efecto en la autorización." likely related to the "plan de aforo" described just above: "Plan de Aforo, que debe incluir, modo de ingreso, control de entrada, plan de evacuación y máximo de asistentes." However, I don't think this is the meaning in this context.

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 1 hr (2017-06-10 19:28:05 GMT)
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*I'm sorry, the last link I mentioned is this one: https://www.google.com.co/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=we...
Peer comment(s):

agree Andy Watkinson : Not sure why you discard the second option of "control/plan de aforo". I agree it must be one or the other.
1 hr
I really don't know and should have indicated a lower confidence level, to be honest. Charles' answer below is pretty well documented and seems likely. My suggestion? That Giovanni ask the client. That being said, thank you :)
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3 hrs

dance floors (for the public)

If the "Salsa" show is music for the public to dance, then, this could be an option.

Otherwise I tend to agree with the idea of "seating"-- and as I am writing this, I see Charles answer, which may be more on the rails... (as usual)

Ok, I leave it at this, and I'll "say" something after I read Charles input.

Certainly a bit of contextual information would be in order! :-)

--------------------------------------------------
Note added at 3 hrs (2017-06-10 22:09:50 GMT)
--------------------------------------------------

Yes, Charles answer is spot on. (What's new! ;-)

DRAE:
aforación
6. tr. Teatro. Dicho de una decoración: Ocultar los lados o partes del escenario que no deben quedar a la vista del público.
Peer comment(s):

neutral 12316323 (X) : Well, you certainly win the award for the most contextually important (and interesting!) element :) /I'm not familiar with aforación. How would you translate it into English?
25 mins
Thank you very much. After looking at all the possibilities, "aforar" in the sense of "aforación" is the meaning that is most likely in this "context"... ;-) If Giovanni reveals more (after checking with his client), this conundrum may be solved...
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2 days 5 hrs

stage rigging

Yo hubiera dicho "stage rigging", que incluye cortinas y mucho más....
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Reference comments

2 days 5 hrs
Reference:

Glossary

Perhaps useful...
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